Basa Jawa ~ Purwakanthi

• Purwakanthi yaiku tibaning swara utawa aksara kang pasang-pasangane padha.
• Purwakanthi dibagi dadi 2 :
  
  1. Purwakanthi swara : sing padha swarane (vokal). ~Tuladha : alon-alon waton kelakon, becik ketitik ala ketara.
  2. Purwakanthi sastra : sing padha aksarane (konsonan) ~ Tuladha : Bobot bibit bebet, Adigang adigung adiguna.

Bahasa Jawa ~ Cerkak (Cerita Pendek)

• Cerkak : Crita gancaran / prosa kang ngandharake sarining kedadeyan saka wiwitan tekan pungkasan.
• Titikane Cerkak :
  
  1. Critane ringkes.
  2. Gegayutan lakone manungsa.
  3. Alur crita dumadi saka wiwitan (awal), dredah (padudon / konflik ), lan ngrampungke prakara (masalah).
• Unsur-unsur Intrinsik Cerkak :
  
  1. Tema : Bab kang dadi underaning (inti) ukara. ~Tuladha : Sosial, pendidikan, politik, budy, kesehatan, perjuangan, lsp.
  2. Alur / plot : Urutaning kedadeyan ing sajroning crita saka wiwitan tekan pungkasan. ~Alur kaperang dadi 3, yaiku Alur Maju (Alur kang nyritakake kedadeyan kanthi runtut saka wiwitan tekan pungkasan), Alur Mundur (Alur kang nyritakake kedadeyan wektu iki banjur ngandharake kedadeyan sing kepungkur / telah lalu), lan Alur Campuran (Alur kang nyritakake kedadeyan saka wiwitan tekan pungkasan ananging ana kalane ditarik mundur jalaran ana prakara kang durung rampung).
  3. Penokohan : Wong sing dadi lakon / paraga ing sajroning crita, uga gambaran watak para paraga mau. ~Watak kaperang dadi watak antagonis (watak ala), watak protagonis (watak becik), watak tritagonis (penengah / pembantu tokoh protagonis / antagonis).
  4. Latar / Setting : Ana gandhengane karo panggonan, wektu, lan kahanan / swasana ing sajroning crita.
  5. Sudut pandang : Carana wong nganggit kan manggon ana ing crita mau. ~Garis gedhene dibagi 2, yaiku Sudut pandang 1 ( Aku ) lan Sudut pandang 3 ( dheweke ).
  6. Amanat : Piweling (pesen) / piwulang kng becik saka pengarang kanggo wong sing maca crita mau. 
  7. Gaya Bahasa : Cara-cara manungsa migunakake basa, amrih (supaya) gampang ditampa, endah lan kapenak dirasa lan dirungu.

Bahasa Jawa ~ Wara-wara (Pengumuman / Kandha-kandha)

• Wara-wara yaiku Kandha-kandha / ngomong-ngomong / menehi ngerti marang wong liya 
• Tujuan wara-wara yaiku Menehi ngerti marang wong liya kanthi langsung (swara) lan ora langsung (tulisan) lumantar media cetak lan elektronik.
• Tuladha Media Elektronik : Internet lan TV
• Macam Media Cetak :
  
  1. Ariwarti : Layang kabar / Surat kabar kang metune saben dina ( Tuladha : Solopos, Jakarta pos, Kompas, lsp).
  2. Kalawarti : Layang kabar kang metune ora saben dina ( Tuladha : Tabloid, lsp )
• Pokok-pokok wara-wara :
  
  1. Saka sapa
  2. Kanggo sapa
  3. Apa isine

KIMIA ~ Gugus Fungsi

• Gugus Fungsi adalah gugus yang menentukan sifat senyawa yng diikuti. 
• Contoh : Etana (C2H6) dan Etanol (C2H5OH). Etana berfase gas, titik didihnya -79 derajat Celcius. Etanol berfase cair, titik didihnya 78 derajat Celcius.
• Macam-macam Gugus Fungsi :
  
  1. Alkanol / Alkohol ( Rumus Umumnya adalah R-OH / CnH2n+1 - OH )
  2. Eter / Alkoksi Alkana ( Rumus Umumnya adalah R-O-R / CnH2n+1 - O - CnH2n+1 )
  3. Aldehid / Alkanal ( Rumus Umumnya adalah RCOH )
  4. Keton / Alkanon ( Rumus Umumnya adalah RCOR )
  5. Asam Karboksilat / Alkanoat ( Rumus Umumnya adalah RCOOH )
  6. Ester / Alkil Alkanoat ( Rumus Umumnya adalah RCOOR )
  7. Alkil Halida ( Rumus Umumnya RX )

KIMIA ~ Sifat-sifat Benzena

1. Zat cair tidak berwarna, mudah menguap dan beracun.
2. Bersifat non-polar sebagaimana hidrokarbon yang lain (Larut dalam pelarut non-polar).
3. Banyak digunakan sebagai pelarut, benzena tidak begitu reaktif tapi mudah terbakar dengan menghasilkan banyak jelaga. (Kenapa menghasilkan banyak jelaga? Karena banyak mengandung karbon).
4. Benzena lebih mudah mengalami substitusi daripada adisi.

English ~ Biography

• Biography is the life story of a person written by someone else. 
• It is simply the history of a lifetime.
• It narrates the most important facts of someone's life, his or her childhood, adolescence, military service, wars he or she lived through, educational background, proffessional life, marriage, children, and most outstanding achievements.
• In addition, it tells anecdotes, memories, trips and clearly cherished moments. It is our most precious legacy to the world and mainly to our family.
• A biography involves a whole life, building a bridge between generations, bringing us close to our grand children, great grand children and future generations, planting in their hearts the pride of belonging.
• Social Function : to set as model of well-known figure's thought, heroism, success, etc.
• Generic Structure :
  
  1. Orientation (who were involved in the story, when and where)
  2. Events (tell what happened in a chronological order)
• It should also :
  
  1. Mention figure's name and their background.
  2. Mention characteristic and physical appearance of the figure.
  3. Mention action and good things of well-known figure.
  4. Mention sentences related to life effort, professionalism in working and recent event / phenomenon.
• Language features :
  
  1. Using words related to life effort, professionalism in working and recent event / phenomenon containing past tense.
  2. Using nouns.
  3. Using modal auxiliary verbs.
• Here are some suggestions and steps in writing biography :
  
  1. Decide whom you want to write about, your parents, grandparents, great grandparents, ancestors, other relatives, friends, idols, heroes, yourself or any other special person.
  2. Collect as much information as you can, from the birth to the most relevant facts.
  3. Organize your thoughts before starting to write, think of that part of the person's life you would like to highlight.
  4. When writing about somebody else, describe his or her appearance, habits, features and way of talking. If you do not remember a name, use replacements.
  5. Edit the biography ; read it aloud to feel of the rhythm and the sound of it, it will also help you notice if you are repeating information.

English ~ Conditional Sentence Type 3

~Disebut juga PAST CONDITIONAL : Kalimat pengandaian yang bertentangan dengan kejadian masa lalu.~

Formula :

• If + Subject + had + Verb 3 + Object, Subject + would / could / should / might + have + Verb 3 + Object.
  ~Example : If He had given me letter, I could have answered his letter.
• If + Subject + had been + Adjective / Noun / Adverb, Subject + would / could/ should / might + have + Verb 3 + Object.
  ~Example : If Kei had been kind, Hikari would have loved him.